Thursday, October 19, 2023

Paris Blockaded, Reborn (September 1870)

by Brett Rutherford

Adapted from Victor Hugo, l'Annee Terrible

September, 1870

IV. 

You, Paris, shall bring proud History
     to kneel at your feet once more.
O City, whose beauty is in bleeding now,
     whose victory comes from dying:
Cease! No martyrdom here! Rise up!
     Your may be bleeding now,
but those who saw Caesar
     mocking your flacid arms,
will be astonished
      when you walk from the fire.

In the admiration of all peoples,
     and in awakened glory
you shall gain, Paris,
     much more than you have lost.

Those who besiege your
    downcast and mournful state,
those you shall yet overcome.

You were drugged by the slow death
     of low and false prosperity.
You fell down mad and gay,
     mired in your own blood.
You will go forth now,
     who heretofore had lulllaby’d
     the venomed empire to sleep,
you shall cast off that old
     and hideous contentment.
Waking up chaste, you shall shake
from your bedclothes the leering satyr.
The threat of martyrdom
     will make you a warrior maiden,
and in honor and beauty,
     truth, and the sense of right,
the better half of you shall be born again
while the base thing you had nearly become
     withers away and dies.

 

Saturday, October 14, 2023

Free, But for What?

by Brett Rutherford

What is the point
of freedom
 
if you do not do
the things
that others frown upon?

October 1870, Part 1

Students enlisting to man the Paris fortifications, October 1870.

 

by Brett Rutherford

     Adapted and translated from Victor Hugo, l'Annee Terrible

Part 1

Exiled, I became the ocean’s old prowler,
the sort of specter who haunts the edge
of a maelstrom or a bitter abyss.
I had, amid the winter, in wind
and frost and storm, in foam and shadow,
issued a book whose black hurricane
blown at the orders of the banished
turned each page the moment I wrote it.
They took my nation from me.
I had nothing in me but imperishable honor.

But then I came home.
     I saw again the formidable city.
Faced with her hunger,
     I put my book in her mouth
and I said to this fierce and haughty
     and ardent populace,
to this indignant people,
     fearless, unyoked, unruled;
I said this to Paris, like the defiant
     thief to the eagle[1]:
Eat my heart, and your wings will widen.

When Christ expired, when the great god Pan
     passed into death,
John and Luke in Judea, and far off,
     in India, a wise man
who studied atoms, good, and evil,[2]
registered an obscure anxiety.

Yet when Olympus fell, the earth quaked
from Ophir to Canaan,
     and from Assur to Sheba
as a foundation, breaking,
     topples all columns.
The whole earth trembled when Babylon fell.

The same holy terror infects all today,
and underneath us, the fulcrum bends.
All tremble as a vile hand grips Paris.
Kill this City, and the Universe dies.
This is about more than one people:
the kings would nail
     the whole mournful bloody world
          to a cross.
And so it begins: the frightful torment
     of the human race.

So, bring it on. Greater than Troy or Tyre,
     greater than Numantia,
Paris besieged must set an example.
Tyrants send bandits our way: confront them.
It’s the Huns all over again,
     the way it was told by Fredegar.[3]
Let the machines of war roll towards us.
We, together, stand our ground,
     accepting the labor, alone, betrayed,
in order to save the country.
To fall without fear is still a victory,
to join the immense waking dream of history
in which all who seek the true, the great,
     the beautiful,
place before their lips a silencing finger
     as they pass your tomb.
Each of the great dead brings honor to his people —
Cato would be too much
     if he was greater than Rome.
Rome rose to equal the example of one;
     Rome learned by imitation.
As Rome had to fight in its time and place,
     so, too, must Paris.
Our labors become the sheafs and sprays
     that decorate our gravestones.
Fight on, oh my Paris, watch out! Oh, superb ones,
striding with unstained shields
     yet riddled with arrows,
with the illustrious fury of those
     who will not be defeated.

 



[1] Thief … eagle. An allusion to the story of Prometheus, who stole the secret of fire from the gods and gave science to the humans, and was punished to be chained to a rock, where his innards were devoured eternally by an eagle.

[2] A wise man. Hugo says only “d’Inde Epicure.” This obscure allusion comes from the Vedas and Indian philosophy. Charvaka, an apocryphal philosopher, anticipated many of the materialist ideas of Greek philosopher Epicurus. Both figures were condemned, ridiculed, and were subject to attempted erasure from history.

[3] Fredegar. The Chronicle of Fredegar, a 7th-century Frankish history, a key source for French medieval history.

To the War Criminals

by Brett Rutherford

At the end of your path
is the hangman.

He, too, is only
following orders.

Friday, October 6, 2023

The Choice Between Two Nations


 

by Brett Rutherford

    
Translated/Adapted from Victor Hugo, l'Annee Terrible

1

TO GERMANY

No nation surpasses you
Times past, earth was a place of fear,
Then, circled by might, you were the righteous people.
Upon your august forehead rests
     a tiara obscured in shadow,
and yet, like bright fabled India
you shine: O country of blue-eyed men,
noble and far-seeing in Europe’s dark depth,
a stark and shapeless glory envelops you, immense.
Your beacon is lit on the peak of giants;
like the sea-eagle that calls no single ocean home,
your history is one of ever-greater grandeur.

Jan Huss the Wise, the apostle Crescentia followed;
that Barbarossa ruled, does not prevent
     the arrival of the daring poet, Schiller.
The emperor on his summit fears your spirit
     and dreads your thunderbolt.
No, nothing worldly eclipses you, Germany.

Your Widukind[1] can hold his own beside our Charlemagne,
and Charlemagne would see himself in one of your soldiers.
Sometimes it seems you have a guiding star,
and the peoples have watched you, O fecund warrior,
rebel against the double yoke that weighs upon the world,
and stand, delivering the light of day with iron hands,
Hermann[2] defies Caesar, Luther the church of Peter.

For a long time, like the oak to which the ivy clings
you were the signet ring that bound to one law the vanquished.
As silver and lead are mixed in brass,
you knew how to meld into a single, sovereign people
twenty tribes, the Hun, the Dacian, the Sicambre.
The Rhine gives you gold, and the Baltic, amber.
Music is your breath; soul, harmony, incense:
She alternates in your powerful anthems
the cry of the eagle with the song of the lark.
Seeing the silhouette of your crumbling towns
we imagine the many-headed hydra;
we fancy the ghost-warrior vaguely seen
on the slope of the mountain, with thunder above.
Nothing is so fresh and charming as your green plains;
the rays thrust down between the gaps of mist.
The hamlet sleeps, tranquil beneath the wing
      of the sheltering manor,
and the pale-haired virgin, leaning on the cisterns
in the evening, seems for a the world to be an angel.

Like a temple raised on uneven pillars
Germany presides over twenty hideous centuries,
and the splendor in its shade, comes from them.
It has more heroes than Athos has peaks.[3]

Teutonia,[4] on the threshold of sublime clouds
where lightning dances with the stars, appears;
his pikes in silhouette are like a forest.
Above his head a victory bugle
stretches out, emblazoned with its history.
In Thuringia, where hammered Thor still stands;
Ganna, the disheveled druidess plunges
into the rivers, whose waters shine with phantom flames;
and monsters with women's breasts, the Sirens, sing;
the Harz that Velleda haunts, the Taunus
where Spillyre wipes her bare feet in the grass,
all these have a bitter and divine sadness,
leaving in the deep woods its prophetess.
At night, the Black Forest is a sinister Eden;
the moonlight, sudden, on the banks of the Neckar
sounds, and living fairies fill the trees.

O Teutons, your tombs look like the trophies of war,
your ancient bone-yards sown with giants.
Your laurels are everywhere; be proud, Germans.
Only a Titan foot can fill your sandal.
Brilliant bugle-calls and feudal glory
gild your helmets, emblazon your shields;
Rome had its Horatius;[5] Celts honor Galgacus;[6]
What Homer was to Greece.
      Beethoven is to you.

Germany is powerful and superb.

2

TO FRANCE

O my mother!



[1] Widukind, a Saxon war chief who opposed Charlemagne, 775-785 CE, a symbol of Saxon liberty.

[2] Hermann. Arminius, the Germanic war chief who engineered Rome’s most catastrophic defeat in the Teutoberg Forest, 9 CE.

[3] Mt. Athos, a high peak in Northeastern Greece, is on a peninsula that is also mountainous. It has been occupied by Greek Orthodox monks since the Middle Ages.

[4] Teutonia, here a personification. Ancient Roman writers called some of the German Tribes “Teutons, from a proto-Celtic word meaning “the people.”

[5] Horatius Cocles, a Roman officer who held a narrow bridge against the Etruscans so that Romans could destroy the structure behind him.

[6] Galgacus, a Celtic chieftain who fought against a Roman army in Northern Scotland, 84 CE.

Thursday, October 5, 2023

The Defeat at Sedan, Part 6



by Brett Rutherford

     Translated from Victor Hugo, l'Annee Terrible

ONCE IT WAS GAUL

Once it was Gaul, then France, then glory.
Once it was Brennus the audacious,[1]
     and that long-haired Celtic titan,
         Clovis the victor[2]

Times past, the proud line of battles, Châlons,[3]
Tolbiac the fierce, Arezzo the cruel,
Bovines, Marignan, Beaugé, Mons-en-Puelle, Tours,
Ravenna, Agnadel on her high palfrey,
Fornoue, Ivry, Coutras, Cérisolles, Rocroy,
Denain and Fontenoy, all these immortals
With the brows of Zeus and the wings of demigods,
Jemmape, Hohenlinden, Lodi, Wagram, Eylau,
The men of the last square of Waterloo,
and all these war leaders, Héristal, Charlemagne,
Charles-Martel, Turenne,
     whose names the Germans dread,
Condé, Villars, famed for such proud success,
this Achilles — Kléber — this Scipio — Desaix —
Napoleon, greater than Caesar and Pompey —
by the hand of a bandit they all surrendered their swords.



[1] Brennus, a chieftain of Gaul, invaded Rome in 390 BCE.

[2] Clovis (466-511 CE) was the first king to unite all the Franks under one rule. He converted to Christianity in the last year of his reign.

[3] Châlons. The battle in 451 CE that stopped the westward advance of Attila.